December 2019 - Lnc-business - Moellman Enterprises Email

Appointments to Convention Oversight Committee
by Nicholas Sarwark 05 Jun '20

05 Jun '20

Dear All, I am appointing to the Convention Oversight Committee the following non-LNC members: Daniel Hayes - Chair Ken Moellman Drew Layda After the great success of the 2018 Convention, it made sense to keep the same team together. Yours in liberty, Nick

5 6

February LNC Meeting OneNote
by Caryn Ann Harlos 01 Feb '20

01 Feb '20

I always start these well ahead of time and add information as it comes up - such as the hotel reservation information. Here is the link: https://tinyurl.com/LNCOneNoteFeb2020 * In Liberty,* * Personal Note: I have what is commonly known as Asperger's Syndrome (part of the autism spectrum). This can affect inter-personal communication skills in both personal and electronic arenas. If anyone found anything offensive or overly off-putting (or some other social faux pas) in an actual email, please contact me privately and let me know. *

2 2

Fwd: LNC Contact Form - Expulsion/denial of memberships redux
by Caryn Ann Harlos 31 Jan '20

31 Jan '20

Mr Frankel is spot on. ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Libertarian Party <web(a)lp.org> Date: Sun, Dec 29, 2019 at 1:48 PM Subject: LNC Contact Form - Expulsion/denial of memberships redux To: <chair(a)lp.org>, <alex.merced(a)lp.org>, <treasurer(a)lp.org>, < secretary(a)lp.org>, <joe.bishop-henchman(a)lp.org>, <sam.goldstein(a)lp.org>, < alicia.mattson(a)lp.org>, <william.redpath(a)lp.org>, <joshua.smith(a)lp.org>, < richard.longstreth(a)lp.org>, <johnny.adams(a)lp.org>, <steven.nekhaila(a)lp.org>, <victoria.paige.lee(a)lp.org>, <elizabeth.vanhorn(a)lp.org>, < dustin.nanna(a)lp.org>, <jeffrey.hewitt(a)lp.org>, <kenneth.olsen(a)lp.org>, < james.lark(a)lp.org>, <susan.hogarth(a)lp.org>, <john.phillips(a)lp.org>, < phillip.anderson(a)lp.org>, <whitney.bilyeu(a)lp.org>, <erin.adams(a)lp.org>, < justin.odonnell(a)lp.org>, <pat.ford(a)lp.org> *Contact LNC members:* Contact all LNC members Your Information *Subject* Expulsion/denial of memberships redux *Affiliate* Alabama *Name* paul frankel *Email* secretary(a)lpalabama.org *Phone* (205) 534-1622 *State* Alabama *Address* 710 Chickamauga Cir <https://www.google.com/maps/search/710+Chickamauga+Cir+Tuscaloosa,+AL+35406…> Tuscaloosa, AL 35406 <https://www.google.com/maps/search/710+Chickamauga+Cir+Tuscaloosa,+AL+35406…> United States <https://www.google.com/maps/search/710+Chickamauga+Cir+Tuscaloosa,+AL+35406…> Map It <http://maps.google.com/maps?q=710+Chickamauga+Cir+Tuscaloosa%2C+AL+35406+Un…> *Message* Hello again LNC. My apologies for writing you all so frequently about this but I’m not sure whether anyone else is going to raise these points otherwise in your discussion or not. I’m again requesting a forward to the public list. 1) “"The Libertarian Party does have requirements to become a member. Most importantly: • ARTICLE 4: MEMBERSHIP 1. Members of the Party shall be those persons who have certified in writing that they oppose the initiation of force to achieve political or social goals. Regardless of anyone’s opinion, this person is in prison for violating the individual rights of several people, and that is clearly a violation of the certification. Until acquitted / found innocent, or until this person has served time and offered something to the people whose rights he violated, this is a fact and must be taken into consideration.”” Actions which constitute the initiation of force are not necessarily the same thing as supporting the initiation of force **to achieve social and political goals**. There are various ways the latter can be interpreted. Taken in historical context, many have claimed that this was merely a cover our butts statement to assure the government we were not planning to engage in terrorism on behalf of our radical agenda of social change, and if any LP member did, that we would have their membership pledge to prove that it was not in line with what we are about as an organization. To keep this in perspective the party was created in the early 1970s when there was a rash of politically motivated domestic terrorism from the far left, much as there now is from the far right. Another plausible explanation is that it is a certification of opposition to initiation of force as seen in libertarian philosophy to achieve social and political goals, which would amount to an anarchist pledge or endless debates over whether various minimal government proposals are somehow not initiation of force. Although I’m an anarchist myself, I would not want a pledge that excludes all non-anarchists from the party, Nor would I want endless purge trials over whether any members have expressed support for policies which initiate force to achieve social or political goals or not. I hope we can all agree on that. One thing the pledge does **not** say is “I will not engage in initiation of force for any reason.” It’s an admirable standard and one I would aspire to, but have fallen short of myself, regrettably. It does not even say “I will not stand convicted in a court of law of criminal activity stemming from actions which initiate force.” That’s a far different pledge than the one we all took, and while it’s also an admirable standard, I’m also not the only party member who has regrettably fallen short of this standard. If we retroactively reinterpret the existing pledge as being that, and enforceable (whereas to my knowledge it never was before) my expulsion trial ought to be scheduled as well, along with an expensive audit of all other memberships and who knows how many other such trials. All the more so if we also have to investigate all potential new members as well. However one interprets the membership pledge, there is no enforcement mechanism in it, nor to my knowledge anywhere else in bylaws. The historical and bylaws experts can correct me if I am wrong, but to my knowledge we have NEVER had such a mechanism at the national level. I think this is probably because people realized that having one could open a huge can of worms. Such a process has existed and been used at the state level in various states, to my knowledge only in a small handful of cases. However, even those trials often prove to be very divisive and time consuming, eating up much time and good will at the state and local level and causing many other members to quit or scale back involvement regardless of the outcome. 2) “• (Roberts rules) Art. XIII. Legal Rights of Assemblies and Trial of Their Members. 72. The Right of a Deliberative Assembly to Punish its Members. A deliberative assembly has the inherent right to make and enforce its own laws and punish an offender, the extreme penalty, however, being expulsion from its own body. When expelled, if the assembly is a permanent society, it has the right, for its own protection….” However, this does not say what happens if the matter is not addressed in the bylaws of an organization (“its own laws”). Since our bylaws don’t have an expulsion provision, I don’t see how this section creates one for us. It just says we have the right to make and enforce such a bylaw, but we have not done it. If something in Roberts creates a right to expel members, this is not it. 3) Gift memberships: Please correct me if I am wrong, but my understanding is that gift memberships are not valid unless the person being gifted signs the membership pledge of their own free volition, and is a person capable of informed consent, regardless of who pays the attending fee. Otherwise it’s just a fundraising tool, but does not create a true membership. As a reminder I also sent a second email which as far as I know was never forwarded to the list, correcting a factual matter in my first email: Thomas L. Knapp quoting my first letter: “As US Attorney, prior to LP membership, Bob Barr prosecuted a teenage boy for having consensual sexual activity with a teenage girl and privately videotaping it. As part of the prosecution Mr. Barr's office made that video public, allowing unrelated adults to watch the two underage children engaging in sexual activity." TLK: My recollection is different -- or perhaps we're referring to different events. {p: no, error is mine; I misremembered what I read Knapp write about this, and he corrects it here p} TLK: My recollection is that the incident happened after Barr left Congress, when he no longer held public office, and possibly while he was affiliated with the LP. And my recollection of the incident is this: In Georgia, trial evidence is a "public record." A newspaper filed a request for the evidence in the case you mention -- a cell phone video. A judge denied that request because of the content. As an op-ed columnist, Barr held that the law required the release of the evidence, and that if anyone didn't like that, they should get the law changed. Which, as a side note, made Barr, not Mary Ruwart, the 2008 presidential candidate who was on public record as supporting government provision of child pornography on demand. But he was also right. "Don't like the rules, ain't gonna go by them" is not a reasonable position for a judge, a bureaucrat, an office-holder -- or a party's national committee. (TLK) Paulie: OK I mangled that, will need to correct. But that brings up another good point of consideration: Is merely *advocating* for the initiation of force to serve political or social goals (or some specific types of force involving teenagers, sex and or video) enough for the potential revocations/denial of membership being considered? Or does it have to involve personal actions? In other words, the way I remembered what you wrote involved an actual action under color of law. This refreshing of my memory makes clear it was mere advocacy in a newspaper column. In the case that stirred the current brouhaha on the LNC, I am not aware that the guy in prison who is trying to join the party is *advocating* for making what he is convicted of legal. In fact I do not know what he thinks. He may be sincerely sorry and have turned a new leaf, he may have been railroaded, he may think he did nothing wrong, he may just believe he had to do what he had to do due to economic reality. In another case someone both practices and advocates routinely initiating force and normalizing it, and obviously fits both criteria - action and advocacy. In the corrected version, Barr engages in advocacy but to my knowledge no action, at least none that I know of evidence for. How many of these qualify for membership revocation under whatever standard people are proposing here? For reference earlier I wrote: As you may know, I read all your public emails, but try to write you sparingly (otherwise you'd get more emails from me than you do from your own current members, and if I was going to do that I should have run for a new term on your committee; I was on as an alternate in 2012-4). I think the membership purge/donation return issue is one that merits my input. I hope you'll agree and share my thoughts with the public list. Emotional cases make bad law, and those who sexually abuse, exploit and videotape teenagers are certainly a very emotional case. The more fundamental question however is whether LNC has *any* authority to refuse a membership pledge and donation from *anyone* regardless of what reprehensible things they may have done in the past or even do in the present or future. One answer is that the bylaws give LNC no such power, and thus it would be improper to refuse or refund a membership donation and pledge from anyone no matter who they are. I understand that this is the current ruling of the chair. The other answer I have seen is that Robert's Rules say that in the absence of such a bylaw the governing body does have the right to remove members for cause or refuse membership donations. I don't remember the exact citation and I am not a parliamentarian so I'll leave it to the parliamentarians among you to hash out, along with ferreting out where in Roberts that is, since (I apologize) I do not remember a specific cite, only being told that it's there. A few things to consider: 1) if you do open the door to membership revocation, it could well snowball. There have been many historic cases in other parties and organizations where it started small with a tiny number of obvious cases and then gradually grew to wide ranging membership purges that devastated those respective organizations and crippled them over time. 2) But, it doesn't always have to. I am aware of a handful of state LPs which have revoked a very small number of individual memberships over the years, typically after some sort of internal judicial procedure, and as yet I am not aware that they have devolved into massive membership purges of the sort I would be concerned about. 3) It's also an undeniable fact that individual members who both advocate and practice initiation of force in violation of their membership pledge and tout their LP membership publicly can and have cause the party embarrassment in traditional and social media and among our own actual and potential membership as a result; most of the public does not understand that we may not have the power to dissociate from members in the way they assume any organization can. 4) This could potentially be an issue to take to the judicial committee. But, as at least those of you who have been on the board since the start of the term are aware, it's questionable whether we have one which was impaneled in accordance with our bylaws right now. For those of you on bylaws committee, please do something to fix the voting system which caused this, even if it's just going back to the prior one. 5) If you do open the door to membership removal/rejection in this manner, please consider what precedents you set. For example, do we want to establish the principle that once someone has been convicted of a real crime with victims they can't have a change of heart and honestly sign the membership pledge, or that we should assume they don't mean it? What if someone does mean it, but despite best intentions does in fact violate their pledge -- but does not make it an ongoing pattern of behavior, nor advocates for it as policy (I can be included in that)? If the grounds for membership revocation include actions taken before the pledge is signed, do they include cases where those actions were done under color of law, yet amount to the same exact actions from our moral perspective? Example: As US Attorney, prior to LP membership, Bob Barr prosecuted a teenage boy for having consensual sexual activity with a teenage girl and privately videotaping it. As part of the prosecution Mr. Barr's office made that video public, allowing unrelated adults to watch the two underage children engaging in sexual activity. His actions were legal, but should they have been? Would setting this membership removal precedent open up grounds for someone else to request a membership revocation for our past presidential candidate and life member (if my memory serves correctly) on this basis? 6) It sounds like regardless of what you do this matter is likely to be taken up by the national convention in May. That may be the best venue to hash this out, especially in the absence of a universally recognized judicial committee. Thanks for taking the time to read my ramblings, if you did. I hope they are of some help to you in considering these matters. Paul Frankel 205-534-1622 currently open for voice calls 6 am - 9 pm central, text any time secretary(a)lpalabama.org (not writing in my state party capacity but I hope we'll see some of you at our state convention Feb 28-Mar 1 in Birmingham https://lpalabama.org/event/2020-lp-alabama-state-convention-2020-02-28/) https://www.facebook.com/paulie.cannoli *Email Confirmation* - I want to receive email communication from the Libertarian Party. -- *In Liberty,* * Personal Note: I have what is commonly known as Asperger's Syndrome (part of the autism spectrum). This can affect inter-personal communication skills in both personal and electronic arenas. If anyone found anything offensive or overly off-putting (or some other social faux pas), please contact me privately and let me know. *

14 40

Reno LNC Meeting Feb 1-2
by Robert S. Kraus 30 Jan '20

30 Jan '20

Here is the basic info for the LNC Meeting. More details to come soon! *What:* LNC Quarterly Board Meeting Feb 1st-2nd, 2020 *Where: *Nugget Casino Resort, 1100 Nugget Ave, Sparks, NV 89431 *Room Rate:* $49 Single King Resort West Tower Bar Suite or Resort West Tower Double Queen (inclusive of $25 resort fee which provides free wifi, airport shuttle, water, fitness center, pool, free valet or self parking) *Reservations: *Must be called into hotel (to receive our special suite upgrades & waive resort fee) 775-356-3300 or 800- 843-2427 *Parking & Transportation:* The hotel has free parking for overnight guests (see above) plus airport shuttle which runs 1 x an hour on the 30 min mark & picks up outside door D by baggage claim *Meeting Time & Location:* "Chalet Terrace" Meeting Room on 5th Floor just past the fitness center & pool (if coming from the West Tower) - time TBD (but typically 9 am – 6 pm Sat & 9 am – 3 pm Sun) * **Friday 01/31 Event:* The Nugget is treating all LNC Members to a fabulous dinner at Anthony’s Chophouse in the hotel at 7 pm (if you have a significant other you may purchase a dinner for them for $54 payable to LPHQ via link to be provided soon) *Sunday Superbowl Party:* There will be a VIP LIV Super Bowl Party & LNC Meet & Greet beginning at 3 pm in the Presidential Suite on the 29th floor of the Resort West Tower - free to all LNC Members likely cost to others is LIV ($54) link to be provided soon *Hotel Website: *www.nuggetcasinoresort.com *Hotel Dining Options:* www.nuggetcasinoresort.com/dining-en.html Thanks in advance & please let me know if you have any issues reserving a room or special requests, -- In Liberty, Robert Robert S. Kraus - Operations Director Operations(a)LP.org Libertarian National Committee, Inc. 1444 Duke Street Alexandria, VA 22314 Phone: 202.333.0008 x 231 Direct: 571-290-5408 Member: Association of Meeting Professionals (AMPs) 2019 "Planner of the Year"

11 17

DRAFT MINUTES NOVEMBER 16-17 2019 V2
by Caryn Ann Harlos 09 Jan '20

09 Jan '20

Here is V2 of the draft minutes incorporating most of the suggestions from Dr. Lark and removing the Mountweazels found by Mr. Hagan and Mr. Goldstein. Dr. Lark, I incorporated all of your changes except for the suggestion of the removal of two footnotes. One of those footnotes has to do with the reason for Mr. Smith's tardiness which I believe is necessary to show that it was a good faith tardiness rather than not caring what time the meeting started and the other had to do with my several absences for medical reasons. I have been public about my medical issues, and similarly to Mr. Smith, I wanted to record for posterity why I had difficulties over the weekend. Of course, I will remove the footnote regarding Mr. Smith if he wishes - the intent is to show good faith reasons. LNC-MIN_2019-11-16-17_V2.pdf <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1M97sxhNt8TvICoUVjJUzik4Nh--5Bxi-/view?usp=…> LNC-MIN_2019-11-16-17_V2.docx <https://drive.google.com/file/d/1NqhxZ9hLMYJ2nCSiaPpySy1pSnhyI52T/view?usp=…> * In Liberty,* * Personal Note: I have what is commonly known as Asperger's Syndrome (part of the autism spectrum). This can affect inter-personal communication skills in both personal and electronic arenas. If anyone found anything offensive or overly off-putting (or some other social faux pas) in an actual email, please contact me privately and let me know. *

3 5

EMAIL BALLOT 191229-1: Appeal from Ruling of the Chair
by Caryn Ann Harlos 07 Jan '20

07 Jan '20

EMAIL BALLOT 191229-1: Appeal from Ruling of the Chair We have an electronic mail ballot. Votes are due to the LNC-Business list by January 5, 2020 at 11:59:59 pm Pacific time. Co-Sponsors: Merced, Nekhaila, Phillips, Smith ============================================= Motion: Appeal from the ruling of the chair that the motion stated by Mr. Phillips (located here: https://groups.google.com/d/msg/lncvotes/rpDQqjc2J5k/F9RokJMpAwAJ and the ruling of the chair is here: https://groups.google.com/d/msg/lncvotes/rpDQqjc2J5k/Meak1YRCAwAJ) was out of order. ============================================= THRESHOLD REQUIRED: Simple majority PROCEDURAL NOTE: A YES vote sustains the ruling the chair. A NO vote over-rules the ruling of the chair. It takes a majority of NO votes to overturn the ruling of the Chair. You can keep track of the Secretary's manual tally of votes here: https://tinyurl.com/ballot191229-1. Votes are noted with a link to the actual ballot cast for verification. You can find the time that the manual tally was last updated at the bottom of the sheet. Please notify me of any discrepancies. * In Liberty,* * Personal Note: I have what is commonly known as Asperger's Syndrome (part of the autism spectrum). This can affect inter-personal communication skills in both personal and electronic arenas. If anyone found anything offensive or overly off-putting (or some other social faux pas) in an actual email, please contact me privately and let me know. *

18 37

Fwd: 12/31 is deadline for platform committee appointments
by Caryn Ann Harlos 01 Jan '20

01 Jan '20

Forwarding this for the benefit of the Regional Representatives. I have been in touch for the past month with the four states that still owe platform committee representatives so they are aware. Georgia spoke with me today and said I will have them tomorrow. I will of course place phone calls to any I do not hear from around noon tomorrow. I have sent periodic reminders through the state chairs list, their email addresses, and Facebook messenger (with Facebook being the most responsive). >From my understanding chairing this committee last term, they can always send a rep or alt late but the deliberations will have already begun without them. The Credentials appointments are not due until February 21 though some states have already sent. Once the platform group is up and going (the email group is set up, I will be adding people over tomorrow and the 1st and sending welcome instructional packets) I will be politely hounding the remaining ones to set their credentials seats. Ms. Hogarth will kill me otherwise. * In Liberty,* * Personal Note: I have what is commonly known as Asperger's Syndrome (part of the autism spectrum). This can affect inter-personal communication skills in both personal and electronic arenas. If anyone found anything offensive or overly off-putting (or some other social faux pas) in an actual email, please contact me privately and let me know. * ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Caryn Ann Harlos <carynannharlos(a)gmail.com> Date: Mon, Dec 30, 2019 at 5:09 PM Subject: 12/31 is deadline for platform committee appointments To: LP State Chairs <statechairs(a)hq.lp.org> Hello everyone, remember that the below states are entitled to national platform committee appointments: - Alaska - California - Colorado - Florida - Georgia - Illinois - Michigan - Montana - New Hampshire - New York - Ohio - Pennsylvania - Texas - Virginia - Washington I have both primary and alternate appointments from the following: - California - Colorado - Illinois - Michigan - New Hampshire - New York - Ohio - Pennsylvania I only have primary appointments from the following. It is okay to have just one primary but it is your state's right to assign any number of ranked alternates so I wanted to be sure to remind you if you wish to make some additional appointments; - Florida - Montana - Virginia I do not have any appointments from the following: - Alaska - Georgia - Texas - Washington Please make sure I have these by 12/31/19. You can always call me at 561.523.2250. I will need email addresses and phone numbers for your appointees. * In Liberty,* * Personal Note: I have what is commonly known as Asperger's Syndrome (part of the autism spectrum). This can affect inter-personal communication skills in both personal and electronic arenas. If anyone found anything offensive or overly off-putting (or some other social faux pas) in an actual email, please contact me privately and let me know. *

2 2

November End-of-Month Financial Reports
by Tim Hagan 31 Dec '19

31 Dec '19

The November End-of-Month Financial Reports are attached. The drastic change in the reserve is due to the change in the calculation of the reserve. My condolences to Dr. Lark for his alma mater lost its bowl game in the last 15 seconds. --- Tim Hagan Treasurer, Libertarian National Committee

2 1

Seeking submissions-can you please help connect me with campaign teams?
by Jess Mears 31 Dec '19

31 Dec '19

LNC, Could you please send along the below message to 2020 candidates that are building campaign teams? I want to start off 2020 by celebrating our candidate teams. 2020 candidates and campaign teams, The /Liberty Pledge News/ is a monthly mailed publication from LP National to our monthly donor base. The content is _exclusive_ to pledgers and we want to recognize the work of campaign staffers. *Who:* campaign managers, treasurers, and staff for 2020 LP candidates (_excluding presidential and party leadership races_) ex: campaign manager for an LP state house race *What:* an article written by the campaign staffers answering the following prompts (some of your questions may be edited or omitted in the publication process) Questions to answer: 1. Which campaign are you working on? (candidate name, office seeking, city/state) 2. What is your role/title with the campaign? 3. Why are you working for this candidate? What attracted you to their campaign? 4. Why did you decide to work on a campaign? 5. Did you take training to help you prepare for this position? If yes, tell us about it. 6. How do you think the campaign will improve the community the candidate is seeking to represent? 7. What have you learned so far? Biggest challenges? 8. What else would you like to share with the /Liberty Pledge News/ readers? *Where:* The/Liberty Pledge News/ *When:* the first edition of 2020 (what an exciting way to start the New Year!?) *Why:* to recognize LP campaign staff for their hard work. *How: * 1. Send this email on to your campaign staff 2. *Ask them to fill out the prompts (questions above) and send applicable photos to jess(a)lphq.org by January 3, 2020. *I would love to see photos of the candidate and the staff member together, bonus points if campaigning in the photo. 3. Read about them in the January edition of the /Liberty Pledge News/ I look forward to publishing your content. In liberty, Jess -- Jess Mears Membership Manager Libertarian National Committee, Inc. Ph: 1-800-ELECT-US

1 0

Various items
by james.lark＠lp.org 30 Dec '19

30 Dec '19

Dear colleagues: I hope all is well with you, and that you and your loved ones have enjoyed a wonderful holiday season. I am writing to offer some comments about various items; I hope you will find these comments worthy of your attention. 1) In a separate message, I shall send Dan Fishman a Word file that contains a list of dates and events in 2020 that may be worthy of note; I shall cc the LNC-Business list with the message. The purpose of this list is to help LPHQ and state affiliates prepare outreach material (including press releases and op-eds) well in advance of such dates and events. (I believe we should prepare as much material as possible well in advance so that we don't have to scramble as these dates and events approach.) As some of you may remember, I have prepared and distributed a "dates of interest" calendar each December for several years. From the feedback I have received, many of our LP colleagues have found the calendar to be helpful in their planning. 2) In a separate message, I shall vote to sustain the ruling of the chair regarding the motion of Mr. Phillips. I believe there is a reasonable argument that Robert's Rules (as applied per Article 16 of the LP Bylaws) allows the LNC some latitude with respect to the matter in dispute. However, I also believe the most reasonable interpretation of the Bylaws (with respect to both the letter of the law and to LP custom) is that refusing to accept submission of the certification and an accompanying payment for sustaining membership is tantamount to the LNC imposing an additional criterion (or criteria) for membership. I hope the Bylaws and Rules Committee members will seek to craft language by which the Bylaws can be amended to provide guidance to the LNC in such situations. If I have the opportunity, I shall endeavor to prepare suggested language for consideration by the Committee. 3) Regarding the specific situation of the person in question, Mr. Phillips has graciously sought to find a way to deal with the many legitimate issues and concerns that have arisen. Allow me to offer a suggestion in this matter. I believe it would be appropriate for Mr. Sarwark to send a message to the person in question in which he (Mr. Sarwark) provides the following: * Information about the Libertarian Party, including our platform and bylaws * A brief statement of why the person's membership has raised concerns * A suggestion that the person end the membership until the LP members assembled at the 2020 national convention offer guidance in this situation. Mr. Sarwark's message could also include an invitation for the person to provide information about the convictions and subsequent legal efforts. I shall be happy to assist Mr. Sarwark in crafting such a message if he is so inclined. As always, thanks for your work for liberty. Best wishes to you for a great 2020. Take care, Jim James W. Lark, III Professor, Dept. of Engineering Systems and Environment Professor, Applied Mathematics Program, Dept. of Engineering and Society Affiliated Faculty, Department of Statistics University of Virginia Advisor, The Liberty Coalition University of Virginia Region 5 Representative, Libertarian National Committee

4 3